Panic Attack Support Tips

The end-of-life process can be an emotional and overwhelming experience, not only for the person going through it but also for their loved ones. Witnessing a family member or friend in their final moments—whether in a hospital, connected to machines, or at home in hospice care—can evoke a deep sense of helplessness, sadness, and even panic. For some, these intense emotions may trigger a panic attack, an acute episode of overwhelming anxiety that can be both distressing and frightening.
A panic attack can manifest suddenly and without warning. Common symptoms include:

• Chest pain or tightness
  
• Sweating or chills
  
• A racing or pounding heartbeat
  
• Dizziness or lightheadedness
  
• Shortness of breath or a feeling of choking
  
• Nausea or stomach discomfort
  
• A sense of impending doom or fear of dying
  

These symptoms can last anywhere from a few minutes to an hour, leaving the individual physically and emotionally drained. If you are with someone experiencing a panic attack, it is important to remain calm and supportive.
How to Help Someone During a Panic AttackDuring a panic attack, the person may not be able to think clearly or communicate effectively. Your presence and reassurance can make a significant difference. Here are some steps to take:

1. Move to a quieter space. If possible, guide the person to a calm, less stimulating environment, such as a hallway, a quiet room, or even a staircase.
   
2. Stay with them. Let them know they are not alone. Your presence can provide comfort and security.
   
3. Ask what they need. Some people may prefer silence, while others may want to be spoken to or held. Respect their preferences.
   
4. Encourage grounding techniques. One effective method is the 3-3-3 rule:
   
   • Ask them to name three things they can see.
     
   • Ask them to name three things they can hear.
     
   • Ask them to name three things they can touch or feel.
     This technique helps redirect their focus away from the panic and back to the present moment.
     
5. Remind them they are safe. Reassure them that what they are experiencing, though frightening, will pass. Using a calm and steady voice, say things like, “You are safe,” “I’m here with you,” or “This will pass soon.”
   
6. Encourage slow, deep breathing. If they are hyperventilating, guide them through deep breaths: inhale slowly through the nose for four seconds, hold for four seconds, and exhale through the mouth for four seconds.
   

After the Panic AttackOnce the episode subsides, check in with the person. They may feel exhausted, disoriented, or even embarrassed. Let them know that what they experienced is a natural response to stress and that they are not alone. Encourage them to rest, hydrate, and, if needed, seek further support from a mental health professional.
Supporting someone through a panic attack—especially in the emotionally charged context of a loved one’s end-of-life journey—requires patience, empathy, and reassurance. By staying present and offering a calm, grounding presence, you can help them navigate this difficult moment with a sense of safety and understanding.
​Written by Robin L.